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Advantages & Disadvantages of Forging Process

Forging is a process, in which metals are shaped by applying compressive forces on it. Forging process classification is done on the basis of temperature into cold, hot forging or hot treatment. In olden days forging was done by smith with the help of hammer and anvil. But now with the advent of technology and engineering process traditional forging is done by compressed air, hydraulics machines, hammer press and steam. Forging is very reliable in comparison to casting, fabrication, welding, machined bars and other metal shaping process.

Hot forging and cold forging are the different ways of processing with the metals but they provide up with the same results. There are many metal processing experts in the market but emtmftm is one stop solution for all your metal forging needs. Let us discuss how the forging processes are done:

The piece of metal is provided with the hot treatment at certain temperature levels and depends upon the type of metal for eg:

1100-1150 degrees for steel

350-520- degrees for Aluminum alloys

710-800 degrees for Copper alloys

During this process the temperature is above the recrystallization point of that metal, which provides the metal with the strain-hardening effects, the advantages and disadvantages of hot forging

Advantages

Ø      Increase in ductile strength

Ø      High temperature helps in removal of homogeneous substances due to increased diffusion

Ø      Reduction in the pore size

 

Disadvantages

 

Ø      Lesser tolerance

Ø      Warping of material during the cooling process

Ø      Undesirable result due to reaction of metal with that of surroundings

Ø      Varied metal structure

 

Cold Forging is defined as a process where metal is below recrystallization point This process is an inexpensive process compared to hot treatment process .This treatment is used on soft metals like aluminum and copper. Cold forging is done at room temperature and a common method used in this process is impression-die forging, where metal is placed into a die , which is attached to an anvil , and the hammer is forcefully dropped on the metal  piece, resulting into the flow of metal and it get filled into the die spaces .

Advantages

Cold forging is preferred over hot forging as cold forged parts require no finishing work or a very less work, this step in the fabrication process is very cost effective. Cold forging has less impurities and results into smooth shiny surface.

Disadvantages

Ø      Less ductile metal

Ø      Heavy and powerful machinery is needed

Ø      Very strong tools are needed

Ø      Residual stress

Ø      The surface of the metal is to be cleaned before the process starts

About the Author

Kim Willam is expert technical writer shares her views about hydraulic press to help users to find good mechanical press

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